ISO/TR TECHNICAL 19441 REPORT First edition 2018-02 Petroleum products Density versus temperature relationships of current fuels, biofuels and biofuel components Produits pétroliersDensite contre temperature relations des carburants actuels, les biocarburants et leur composants Reference number IS0/TR 19441:2018(E) so @IS02018 IS0/TR 19441:2018(E) Accessed by UNSW - LIBRARY on 03 Mar COPYRIGHTPROTECTEDDOCUMENT IS0 2018, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyrightoffice Ch. de Blandonnet 8 . CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 [email protected] www.iso.org ii @ IS0 2018 - All rights reserved IS0/TR 19441:2018(E) Contents Page Foreword ..V Introduction. ...vi 1 Scope.. 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Summary ..1 5 Background and motivation ..2 6 Basic analytical considerations ..3 6.1 Intentions of this document ..3 6.2 Physical property density .3 6.3 Density for (defined) product blends/mixtures .4 6.4 The volume correction factor (VCF) ..4 6.5 Graphical representations of the density/temperature behaviour. ..5 7 Applicable VCF models .6 7.1 General ..6 7.2 Exponential model (for a single sample) .1 7.3 ThelinearVCFmodel 7.4 The constant value model for a specific product family 8 Developing the group constants Ko, K1, K2 for the PMT Group B products (see Table 1)... 9 9 European precision requirements for volume meters revisited. .11 10 Experimental details concerning the density measurement. ..13 Accessed by UNSW - LIBRARY on 03 Mar 2018 (Document currency not guaranteed when printed) 10.1 Choice of density determination method. ..13 10.2 Participating laboratories. ..14 10.3 Samples.. .14 10.4 Measurement ranges ..14 10.5 First impressions on necessary precision for the D(t) measurement ..15 10.6 Further experimental steps. ..16 11 Density measurement and interpretation of results .16 11.1 Middle distillates. .16 11.2 Studies on FAME and FAME blends .16 11.2.1 General ..16 11.2.2 Using the linear model variant. .16 11.2.3 Pure FAMEs .17 11.2.4 FAME blends with low sulfur domestic heating oils .19 11.2.5 Market diesel fuels .20 11.2.6 Diesel fuels (BO, B5, B7) and more FAMEs .24 11.2.7 Domestic heating oils (DIN 51603-1) .25 11.2.8 Low sulfur domestic heating oils (DIN 51603-1) .26 11.2.9 Rapeseed oil fuels .27 11.2.10 GTL and XTL samples .28 11.2.11 Summary of results for middle distillate samples 28 11.3 Petrol type fuels. 29 11.3.1 EN 228 market petrol fuels. 29 11.3.2 Results for EN 228 Super 95 petrol E0 (summer quality) 30 11.3.3 EN 228 Super 95 petrols E5 (winter quality) 30 11.3.4 EN 228 Super 95 petrols E10 (winter quality) 31 11.3.5 EN 228 Super 98 petrol E0 (summer quality) .32 11.3.6 EN 228 Super 98 petrol E0 and E5 (winter quality) .32 11.3.7 EN 228 Super 98 petrols E0 blends with different shares of ethanol. ..33 11.3.8 Conclusions for D(t) behaviour of the petrol fuel samples. .35 @ IS0 2018 - All rights reserved iii